IMPACT OF COVID-19: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER, DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN HEALTH CARE WORKERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37354/rpsiso.2025.7.1.051Keywords:
COVID 19, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depressionAbstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and long-term anxiety in the health personnel of a hospital in Nuevo León, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Ninety-eight professionals participated, 72.4% of whom were women. The majority belonged to the nursing area (66.3%), followed by medicine (16.3%). Descriptive analyses showed means of 3.53 for PTSD, 6.69 for depression and 7.45 for anxiety. Since the data did not meet normality assumptions, Spearman's rho correlation was used, finding positive and significant associations between PTSD and depression (ρ = 0.668, p < .001), PTSD and anxiety (ρ = 0.594, p < .001), and between depression and anxiety (ρ = 0.682, p < .001). No statistically significant differences were observed by profession. The results are contextualized with antecedents that evidence the psychological impact of the pandemic on healthcare workers, such as burnout, fear of contagion, work overload and lack of resources. Several studies have reported the high prevalence of PTSD symptoms, anxiety and depression in this group, underscoring the need for effective and ongoing psychosocial interventions. It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the three variables analyzed, highlighting the need to monitor the mental health of health personnel and offer psychological support adapted to their needs.
Downloads
References
Agudelo, D., Buela-Casal, G. y Spielberger, C. D. (2007). Ansiedad y depresión: el problema de la diferenciación a través de los síntomas. Salud Mental, 30(2), 33-41. https://revistasaludmental.gob.mx/index.php/salud_mental/article/view/1156
Blanco-Daza, M., De la Vieja-Soriano, M., Macip-Belmonte, S. y Del Carmen Tercero-Cano, M. (2022). Trastorno de estrés postraumático en enfermeras durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Enfermería Clínica, 32(2), 92-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2021.10.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2021.10.015
Carmassi, C., Pedrinelli, V., Dell’Oste, V., Bertelloni, C. A., Grossi, C., Gesi, C., Cerveri, G. y Dell’Osso, L. (2021). PTSD and Depression in Healthcare Workers in the Italian Epicenter of the COVID-19 Outbreak. Clinical Practice And Epidemiology In Mental Health, 17(1), 242-252. https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017902117010242 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017902117010242
Carvajal, C. (2002). Trastorno por estrés postraumático: aspectos clínicos. Revista Chilena de Neuro-psiquiatría, 40(Supl. 2), 20-34. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92272002000600003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92272002000600003
Cayamcela, D. M. B., Ochoa, R. A., Del Rocío Lliguisupa Peláez, V., Beltrán, D. J. P. y Arévalo, C. E. Z. (2021). Impacto social y psicológico del COVID-19 en el personal sanitario. Caso Ecuador. Revista Ciencias Pedagógicas e Innovación, 9(2), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.26423/rcpi.v9i2.412 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26423/rcpi.v9i2.412
Chen, Q., Liang, M., Li, Y., Guo, J., Fei, D., Wang, L., He, L., Sheng, C., Cai, Y., Li, X., Wang, J. y Zhang, Z. (2020). Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e15-e16. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30078-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
Chew, N. W., Lee, G. K., Tan, B. Y., Jing, M., Goh, Y., Ngiam, N. J., Yeo, L. L., Ahmad, A., Khan, F. A., Shanmugam, G. N., Sharma, A. K., Komalkumar, R., Meenakshi, P., Shah, K., Patel, B., Chan, B. P., Sunny, S., Chandra, B., Ong, J. J., . . . Sharma, V. K. (2020). A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak. Brain Behavior And Immunity, 88, 559-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.049 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.049
Danet, A. D. (2021). Impacto psicológico de la COVID-19 en profesionales sanitarios de primera línea en el ámbito occidental. Una revisión sistemática. Medicina Clínica, 156(9), 449-458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.11.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.11.009
Gaviria, A. Z. y Martin, R. B. (2023). ¿Qué sabemos del origen del COVID-19 tres años después? Revista Clínica Española, 223(4), 240-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rce.2023.02.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rce.2023.02.002
Irrazabal Ramos, J. E. y Martinez Pajuelo, A. R. (2023). Sintomatología de ansiedad, depresión y Trastorno de Estrés Post-Traumático (TEPT) según el sexo en los trabajadores de la salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en el Perú. [Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas]. Repositorio Institucional UPC. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/669308
Leung, N. H. L. (2021). Transmissibility and transmission of respiratory viruses. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 19(8), 528-545. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00535-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00535-6
Muller, A. E., Hafstad, E. V., Himmels, J. P. W., Smedslund, G., Flottorp, S., Stensland, S., Stroobants, S., Van de Velde, S. y Vist, G. E. (2020). The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review. Psychiatry Research, 293, Artículo 113441 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441
Noble, N. C., Merker, J. B., Webber, T. K., Ressler, K. J. y Seligowski, A. V. (2023). PTSD and depression severity are associated with cardiovascular disease symptoms in trauma-exposed women. European Journal Of Psychotraumatology, 14(2). Artículo 2234810. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008066.2023.2234810 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20008066.2023.2234810
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2022, 7 noviembre). Salud ocupacional: los trabajadores de la salud. OMS. https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/occupational-health--health-workers
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2023, 29 agosto). Trastorno depresivo (depresión). OMS. https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression
Rodríguez-Quiroga, A., Buiza, C., De Mon, M. Á. y Quintero, J. (2020). COVID-19 y salud mental. Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado, 13(23), 1285-1296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.med.2020.12.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.med.2020.12.010
Rodríguez-Rey, R., Garrido-Hernansaiz, H. y Collado, S. (2020). Psychological Impact and Associated Factors During the Initial Stage of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Among the General Population in Spain. Frontiers In Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01540 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01540
Strudwick, J., Gayed, A., Deady, M., Haffar, S., Mobbs, S., Malik, A., Akhtar, A., Braund, T., Bryant, R. A. y Harvey, S. B. (2023). Workplace mental health screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Occupational And Environmental Medicine, 80(8), 469-484. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2022-108608 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2022-108608
Tocto-Solis, K., Arteaga, E. C. M., Fiestas-Cordova, J., & Rodriguez-Saldaña, C. A. (2023). Association between level of anxiety and degree of psychosomatic features in medical students at a private university in Northern Peru. Salud Mental, 46(2), 55-59. https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2023.008
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 PsicoSophia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
